MySQL 3.23, 4.0, 4.1 Reference Manual

Table of Contents     [+/-]

Preface

1. General Information     [+/-]

1.1. About This Manual

1.2. Typographical and Syntax Conventions

1.3. Overview of the MySQL Database Management System     [+/-]

1.3.1. What is MySQL?

1.3.2. History of MySQL

1.3.3. The Main Features of MySQL

1.4. MySQL Development Roadmap     [+/-]

1.4.1. MySQL 4.0 in a Nutshell

1.4.2. MySQL 4.1 in a Nutshell

1.4.3. What's New in MySQL 5.0

1.5. MySQL Information Sources     [+/-]

1.5.1. MySQL Mailing Lists

1.5.2. MySQL Community Support at the MySQL Forums

1.5.3. MySQL Community Support on Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

1.5.4. MySQL Enterprise

1.6. How to Report Bugs or Problems

1.7. MySQL Standards Compliance     [+/-]

1.7.1. What Standards MySQL Follows

1.7.2. Selecting SQL Modes

1.7.3. Running MySQL in ANSI Mode

1.7.4. MySQL Extensions to Standard SQL

1.7.5. MySQL Differences from Standard SQL

1.7.6. How MySQL Deals with Constraints

1.8. Credits     [+/-]

1.8.1. Developers at MySQL AB

1.8.2. Contributors to MySQL

1.8.3. Documenters and translators

1.8.4. Libraries used by and included with MySQL

1.8.5. Packages that support MySQL

1.8.6. Tools that were used to create MySQL

1.8.7. Supporters of MySQL

2. Installing and Upgrading MySQL     [+/-]

2.1. General Installation Issues     [+/-]

2.1.1. Operating Systems On Which MySQL Is Known To Run

2.1.2. Choosing Which MySQL Distribution to Install

2.1.3. How to Get MySQL

2.1.4. Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG

2.1.5. Installation Layouts

2.2. Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution

2.3. Installing MySQL on Windows     [+/-]

2.3.1. Choosing An Installation Package

2.3.2. Installing MySQL with the Automated Installer

2.3.3. Using the MySQL Installation Wizard

2.3.4. Using the Configuration Wizard

2.3.5. Installing MySQL from a Noinstall Zip Archive

2.3.6. Extracting the Install Archive

2.3.7. Creating an Option File

2.3.8. Selecting a MySQL Server Type

2.3.9. Starting the Server for the First Time

2.3.10. Starting MySQL from the Windows Command Line

2.3.11. Starting MySQL as a Windows Service

2.3.12. Testing The MySQL Installation

2.3.13. Troubleshooting a MySQL Installation Under Windows

2.3.14. Upgrading MySQL on Windows

2.3.15. MySQL on Windows Compared to MySQL on Unix

2.4. Installing MySQL from RPM Packages on Linux

2.5. Installing MySQL on Mac OS X

2.6. Installing MySQL on Solaris

2.7. Installing MySQL on NetWare

2.8. Installing MySQL from tar.gz Packages on Other Unix-Like Systems

2.9. MySQL Installation Using a Source Distribution     [+/-]

2.9.1. Source Installation Overview

2.9.2. Typical configure Options

2.9.3. Installing from the Development Source Tree

2.9.4. Dealing with Problems Compiling MySQL

2.9.5. MIT-pthreads Notes

2.9.6. Installing MySQL from Source on Windows

2.9.7. Compiling MySQL Clients on Windows

2.10. Post-Installation Setup and Testing     [+/-]

2.10.1. Windows Post-Installation Procedures

2.10.2. Unix Post-Installation Procedures

2.10.3. Securing the Initial MySQL Accounts

2.11. Upgrading MySQL     [+/-]

2.11.1. Upgrading from MySQL 4.0 to 4.1

2.11.2. Upgrading from MySQL 3.23 to 4.0

2.11.3. Copying MySQL Databases to Another Machine

2.12. Downgrading MySQL     [+/-]

2.12.1. Downgrading to MySQL 4.0

2.13. Operating System-Specific Notes     [+/-]

2.13.1. Linux Notes

2.13.2. Mac OS X Notes

2.13.3. Solaris Notes

2.13.4. BSD Notes

2.13.5. Other Unix Notes

2.13.6. OS/2 Notes

2.14. Environment Variables

2.15. Perl Installation Notes     [+/-]

2.15.1. Installing Perl on Unix

2.15.2. Installing ActiveState Perl on Windows

2.15.3. Problems Using the Perl DBI/DBD Interface

2.16. Porting to Other Systems     [+/-]

2.16.1. Debugging a MySQL Server

2.16.2. Debugging a MySQL Client

2.16.3. The DBUG Package

2.16.4. Comments about RTS Threads

2.16.5. Differences Between Thread Packages

3. Tutorial     [+/-]

3.1. Connecting to and Disconnecting from the Server

3.2. Entering Queries

3.3. Creating and Using a Database     [+/-]

3.3.1. Creating and Selecting a Database

3.3.2. Creating a Table

3.3.3. Loading Data into a Table

3.3.4. Retrieving Information from a Table

3.4. Getting Information About Databases and Tables

3.5. Using mysql in Batch Mode

3.6. Examples of Common Queries     [+/-]

3.6.1. The Maximum Value for a Column

3.6.2. The Row Holding the Maximum of a Certain Column

3.6.3. Maximum of Column per Group

3.6.4. The Rows Holding the Group-wise Maximum of a Certain Field

3.6.5. Using User-Defined Variables

3.6.6. Using Foreign Keys

3.6.7. Searching on Two Keys

3.6.8. Calculating Visits Per Day

3.6.9. Using AUTO_INCREMENT

3.7. Queries from the Twin Project     [+/-]

3.7.1. Find All Non-distributed Twins

3.7.2. Show a Table of Twin Pair Status

3.8. Using MySQL with Apache

4. MySQL Programs     [+/-]

4.1. Overview of MySQL Programs

4.2. Using MySQL Programs     [+/-]

4.2.1. Invoking MySQL Programs

4.2.2. Connecting to the MySQL Server

4.2.3. Specifying Program Options

4.2.4. Setting Environment Variables

4.3. MySQL Server and Server-Startup Programs     [+/-]

4.3.1. mysqld — The MySQL Server

4.3.2. mysqld_safe — MySQL Server Startup Script

4.3.3. mysql.server — MySQL Server Startup Script

4.3.4. mysqld_multi — Manage Multiple MySQL Servers

4.4. MySQL Installation-Related Programs     [+/-]

4.4.1. comp_err — Compile MySQL Error Message File

4.4.2. make_win_src_distribution — Create Source Distribution for Windows

4.4.3. mysql_create_system_tables — Generate Statements to Initialize MySQL System Tables

4.4.4. mysqlbug — Generate Bug Report

4.4.5. mysql_fix_privilege_tables — Upgrade MySQL System Tables

4.4.6. mysql_install_db — Initialize MySQL Data Directory

4.4.7. mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security

4.4.8. mysql_tzinfo_to_sql — Load the Time Zone Tables

4.5. MySQL Client Programs     [+/-]

4.5.1. mysql — The MySQL Command-Line Tool

4.5.2. mysqladmin — Client for Administering a MySQL Server

4.5.3. mysqlcheck — A Table Maintenance and Repair Program

4.5.4. mysqldump — A Database Backup Program

4.5.5. mysqlimport — A Data Import Program

4.5.6. mysqlshow — Display Database, Table, and Column Information

4.6. MySQL Administrative and Utility Programs     [+/-]

4.6.1. myisam_ftdump — Display Full-Text Index information

4.6.2. myisamchk — MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility

4.6.3. myisamlog — Display MyISAM Log File Contents

4.6.4. myisampack — Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables

4.6.5. mysqlaccess — Client for Checking Access Privileges

4.6.6. mysqlbinlog — Utility for Processing Binary Log Files

4.6.7. mysqlhotcopy — A Database Backup Program

4.6.8. mysqlmanagerc — Internal Test-Suite Program

4.6.9. mysqlmanager-pwgen — Internal Test-Suite Program

4.6.10. mysql_convert_table_format — Convert Tables to Use a Given Storage Engine

4.6.11. mysql_explain_log — Use EXPLAIN on Statements in Query Log

4.6.12. mysql_find_rows — Extract SQL Statements from Files

4.6.13. mysql_fix_extensions — Normalize Table Filename Extensions

4.6.14. mysql_setpermission — Interactively Set Permissions in Grant Tables

4.6.15. mysql_tableinfo — Generate Database Metadata

4.6.16. mysql_waitpid — Kill Process and Wait for Its Termination

4.6.17. mysql_zap — Kill Processes That Match a Pattern

4.7. MySQL Program Development Utilities     [+/-]

4.7.1. msql2mysql — Convert mSQL Programs for Use with MySQL

4.7.2. mysql_config — Get Compile Options for Compiling Clients

4.7.3. my_print_defaults — Display Options from Option Files

4.7.4. resolve_stack_dump — Resolve Numeric Stack Trace Dump to Symbols

4.8. Miscellaneous Programs     [+/-]

4.8.1. perror — Explain Error Codes

4.8.2. replace — A String-Replacement Utility

4.8.3. resolveip — Resolve Hostname to IP Address or Vice Versa

5. MySQL Server Administration     [+/-]

5.1. The MySQL Server     [+/-]

5.1.1. Server Option and Variable Reference

5.1.2. Server Command Options

5.1.3. Server System Variables

5.1.4. Session System Variables

5.1.5. Using System Variables

5.1.6. Server Status Variables

5.1.7. Server SQL Modes

5.1.8. Server-Side Help

5.1.9. Server Response to Signals

5.1.10. The Shutdown Process

5.2. The mysqld-max Extended MySQL Server

5.3. MySQL Server Logs     [+/-]

5.3.1. The Error Log

5.3.2. The General Query Log

5.3.3. The Update Log

5.3.4. The Binary Log

5.3.5. The Slow Query Log

5.3.6. Server Log Maintenance

5.4. General Security Issues     [+/-]

5.4.1. General Security Guidelines

5.4.2. Making MySQL Secure Against Attackers

5.4.3. Security-Related mysqld Options

5.4.4. Security Issues with LOAD DATA LOCAL

5.4.5. How to Run MySQL as a Normal User

5.5. The MySQL Access Privilege System     [+/-]

5.5.1. What the Privilege System Does

5.5.2. How the Privilege System Works

5.5.3. Privileges Provided by MySQL

5.5.4. Access Control, Stage 1: Connection Verification

5.5.5. Access Control, Stage 2: Request Verification

5.5.6. When Privilege Changes Take Effect

5.5.7. Causes of Access denied Errors

5.5.8. Password Hashing as of MySQL 4.1

5.6. MySQL User Account Management     [+/-]

5.6.1. MySQL Usernames and Passwords

5.6.2. Adding New User Accounts to MySQL

5.6.3. Removing User Accounts from MySQL

5.6.4. Limiting Account Resources

5.6.5. Assigning Account Passwords

5.6.6. Keeping Passwords Secure

5.6.7. Using SSL for Secure Connections

5.6.8. Auditing MySQL Account Activity

5.7. Running Multiple MySQL Servers on the Same Machine     [+/-]

5.7.1. Running Multiple Servers on Windows

5.7.2. Running Multiple Servers on Unix

5.7.3. Using Client Programs in a Multiple-Server Environment

6. Backup and Recovery     [+/-]

6.1. Database Backups

6.2. Example Backup and Recovery Strategy     [+/-]

6.2.1. Backup Policy

6.2.2. Using Backups for Recovery

6.2.3. Backup Strategy Summary

6.3. Point-in-Time Recovery     [+/-]

6.3.1. Specifying Times for Recovery

6.3.2. Specifying Positions for Recovery

6.4. Table Maintenance and Crash Recovery     [+/-]

6.4.1. Using myisamchk for Crash Recovery

6.4.2. How to Check MyISAM Tables for Errors

6.4.3. How to Repair Tables

6.4.4. Table Optimization

6.4.5. Getting Information About a Table

6.4.6. Setting Up a Table Maintenance Schedule

7. Optimization     [+/-]

7.1. Optimization Overview     [+/-]

7.1.1. MySQL Design Limitations and Tradeoffs

7.1.2. Designing Applications for Portability

7.1.3. What We Have Used MySQL For

7.1.4. The MySQL Benchmark Suite

7.1.5. Using Your Own Benchmarks

7.2. Optimizing SELECT and Other Statements     [+/-]

7.2.1. Optimizing Queries with EXPLAIN

7.2.2. Estimating Query Performance

7.2.3. Speed of SELECT Queries

7.2.4. WHERE Clause Optimization

7.2.5. Range Optimization

7.2.6. IS NULL Optimization

7.2.7. LEFT JOIN and RIGHT JOIN Optimization

7.2.8. ORDER BY Optimization

7.2.9. GROUP BY Optimization

7.2.10. DISTINCT Optimization

7.2.11. LIMIT Optimization

7.2.12. How to Avoid Table Scans

7.2.13. Speed of INSERT Statements

7.2.14. Speed of UPDATE Statements

7.2.15. Speed of DELETE Statements

7.2.16. Other Optimization Tips

7.3. Locking Issues     [+/-]

7.3.1. Internal Locking Methods

7.3.2. Table Locking Issues

7.3.3. Concurrent Inserts

7.3.4. External Locking

7.4. Optimizing Database Structure     [+/-]

7.4.1. Design Choices

7.4.2. Make Your Data as Small as Possible

7.4.3. Column Indexes

7.4.4. Multiple-Column Indexes

7.4.5. How MySQL Uses Indexes

7.4.6. The MyISAM Key Cache

7.4.7. MyISAM Index Statistics Collection

7.4.8. How MySQL Opens and Closes Tables

7.4.9. Disadvantages of Creating Many Tables in the Same Database

7.5. Optimizing the MySQL Server     [+/-]

7.5.1. System Factors and Startup Parameter Tuning

7.5.2. Tuning Server Parameters

7.5.3. The MySQL Query Cache

7.5.4. Examining Thread Information

7.5.5. How Compiling and Linking Affects the Speed of MySQL

7.5.6. How MySQL Uses Threads for Client Connections

7.5.7. How MySQL Uses Memory

7.5.8. How MySQL Uses Internal Temporary Tables

7.5.9. How MySQL Uses DNS

7.6. Disk Issues     [+/-]

7.6.1. Using Symbolic Links

8. Language Structure     [+/-]

8.1. Literal Values     [+/-]

8.1.1. Strings

8.1.2. Numbers

8.1.3. Hexadecimal Values

8.1.4. Boolean Values

8.1.5. NULL Values

8.2. Database, Table, Index, Column, and Alias Names     [+/-]

8.2.1. Identifier Qualifiers

8.2.2. Identifier Case Sensitivity

8.2.3. Function Name Parsing and Resolution

8.3. Reserved Words

8.4. User-Defined Variables

8.5. Comment Syntax

9. Internationalization and Localization     [+/-]

9.1. Character Set Support     [+/-]

9.1.1. Character Sets and Collations in General

9.1.2. Character Sets and Collations in MySQL

9.1.3. Specifying Character Sets and Collations

9.1.4. Connection Character Sets and Collations

9.1.5. Configuring the Character Set and Collation for Applications

9.1.6. Collation Issues

9.1.7. Operations Affected by Character Set Support

9.1.8. Unicode Support

9.1.9. UTF-8 for Metadata

9.1.10. Upgrading Character Sets from MySQL 4.0

9.1.11. Character Sets and Collations That MySQL Supports

9.2. The Character Set Used for Data and Sorting     [+/-]

9.2.1. Using the German Character Set

9.3. Setting the Error Message Language

9.4. Adding a New Character Set     [+/-]

9.4.1. The Character Definition Arrays

9.4.2. String Collating Support

9.4.3. Multi-Byte Character Support

9.5. How to Add a New Collation to a Character Set     [+/-]

9.5.1. Collation Implementation Types

9.5.2. Choosing a Collation ID

9.5.3. Adding a Simple Collation to an 8-Bit Character Set

9.6. Problems With Character Sets

9.7. MySQL Server Time Zone Support     [+/-]

9.7.1. Staying Current with Time Zone Changes

9.8. MySQL Server Locale Support

10. Data Types     [+/-]

10.1. Data Type Overview     [+/-]

10.1.1. Overview of Numeric Types

10.1.2. Overview of Date and Time Types

10.1.3. Overview of String Types

10.1.4. Data Type Default Values

10.2. Numeric Types

10.3. Date and Time Types     [+/-]

10.3.1. The DATETIME, DATE, and TIMESTAMP Types

10.3.2. The TIME Type

10.3.3. The YEAR Type

10.3.4. Year 2000 Issues and Date Types

10.4. String Types     [+/-]

10.4.1. The CHAR and VARCHAR Types

10.4.2. The BINARY and VARBINARY Types

10.4.3. The BLOB and TEXT Types

10.4.4. The ENUM Type

10.4.5. The SET Type

10.5. Data Type Storage Requirements

10.6. Choosing the Right Type for a Column

10.7. Using Data Types from Other Database Engines

11. Functions and Operators     [+/-]

11.1. Operator and Function Reference

11.2. Operators     [+/-]

11.2.1. Operator Precedence

11.2.2. Type Conversion in Expression Evaluation

11.2.3. Comparison Functions and Operators

11.2.4. Logical Operators

11.3. Control Flow Functions

11.4. String Functions     [+/-]

11.4.1. String Comparison Functions

11.4.2. Regular Expressions

11.5. Numeric Functions     [+/-]

11.5.1. Arithmetic Operators

11.5.2. Mathematical Functions

11.6. Date and Time Functions

11.7. What Calendar Is Used By MySQL?

11.8. Full-Text Search Functions     [+/-]

11.8.1. Natural Language Full-Text Searches

11.8.2. Boolean Full-Text Searches

11.8.3. Full-Text Searches with Query Expansion

11.8.4. Full-Text Stopwords

11.8.5. Full-Text Restrictions

11.8.6. Fine-Tuning MySQL Full-Text Search

11.9. Cast Functions and Operators

11.10. Other Functions     [+/-]

11.10.1. Bit Functions

11.10.2. Encryption and Compression Functions

11.10.3. Information Functions

11.10.4. Miscellaneous Functions

11.11. Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY Clauses     [+/-]

11.11.1. GROUP BY (Aggregate) Functions

11.11.2. GROUP BY Modifiers

11.11.3. GROUP BY and HAVING with Hidden Fields

12. SQL Statement Syntax     [+/-]

12.1. Data Definition Statements     [+/-]

12.1.1. ALTER DATABASE Syntax

12.1.2. ALTER TABLE Syntax

12.1.3. CREATE DATABASE Syntax

12.1.4. CREATE INDEX Syntax

12.1.5. CREATE TABLE Syntax

12.1.6. DROP DATABASE Syntax

12.1.7. DROP INDEX Syntax

12.1.8. DROP TABLE Syntax

12.1.9. RENAME TABLE Syntax

12.2. Data Manipulation Statements     [+/-]

12.2.1. DELETE Syntax

12.2.2. DO Syntax

12.2.3. HANDLER Syntax

12.2.4. INSERT Syntax

12.2.5. LOAD DATA INFILE Syntax

12.2.6. REPLACE Syntax

12.2.7. SELECT Syntax

12.2.8. Subquery Syntax

12.2.9. TRUNCATE Syntax

12.2.10. UPDATE Syntax

12.3. MySQL Utility Statements     [+/-]

12.3.1. DESCRIBE Syntax

12.3.2. EXPLAIN Syntax

12.3.3. HELP Syntax

12.3.4. USE Syntax

12.4. MySQL Transactional and Locking Statements     [+/-]

12.4.1. START TRANSACTION, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK Syntax

12.4.2. Statements That Cannot Be Rolled Back

12.4.3. Statements That Cause an Implicit Commit

12.4.4. SAVEPOINT and ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT Syntax

12.4.5. LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES Syntax

12.4.6. SET TRANSACTION Syntax

12.5. Database Administration Statements     [+/-]

12.5.1. Account Management Statements

12.5.2. Table Maintenance Statements

12.5.3. User-Defined Function Statements

12.5.4. SET Syntax

12.5.5. SHOW Syntax

12.5.6. Other Administrative Statements

12.6. Replication Statements     [+/-]

12.6.1. SQL Statements for Controlling Master Servers

12.6.2. SQL Statements for Controlling Slave Servers

12.7. SQL Syntax for Prepared Statements

13. Storage Engines     [+/-]

13.1. The MyISAM Storage Engine     [+/-]

13.1.1. MyISAM Startup Options

13.1.2. Space Needed for Keys

13.1.3. MyISAM Table Storage Formats

13.1.4. MyISAM Table Problems

13.2. The InnoDB Storage Engine     [+/-]

13.2.1. InnoDB Overview

13.2.2. InnoDB Contact Information

13.2.3. InnoDB in MySQL 3.23

13.2.4. InnoDB Configuration

13.2.5. InnoDB Startup Options and System Variables

13.2.6. Creating and Using InnoDB Tables

13.2.7. Adding, Removing, or Resizing InnoDB Data and Log Files

13.2.8. Backing Up and Recovering an InnoDB Database

13.2.9. Moving an InnoDB Database to Another Machine

13.2.10. The InnoDB Transaction Model and Locking

13.2.11. InnoDB Performance Tuning Tips

13.2.12. InnoDB Multi-Versioning

13.2.13. InnoDB Table and Index Structures

13.2.14. InnoDB Disk I/O and File Space Management

13.2.15. InnoDB Error Handling

13.2.16. Restrictions on InnoDB Tables

13.2.17. InnoDB Troubleshooting

13.3. The MERGE Storage Engine     [+/-]

13.3.1. MERGE Table Problems

13.4. The MEMORY (HEAP) Storage Engine

13.5. The BDB (BerkeleyDB) Storage Engine     [+/-]

13.5.1. Operating Systems Supported by BDB

13.5.2. Installing BDB

13.5.3. BDB Startup Options

13.5.4. Characteristics of BDB Tables

13.5.5. Restrictions on BDB Tables

13.5.6. Errors That May Occur When Using BDB Tables

13.6. The EXAMPLE Storage Engine

13.7. The ARCHIVE Storage Engine

13.8. The CSV Storage Engine

13.9. The BLACKHOLE Storage Engine

13.10. The ISAM Storage Engine

14. Replication     [+/-]

14.1. Introduction to Replication

14.2. Replication Implementation Overview

14.3. Replication Implementation Details     [+/-]

14.3.1. Replication Relay and Status Files

14.4. How to Set Up Replication

14.5. Replication Compatibility Between MySQL Versions

14.6. Upgrading a Replication Setup     [+/-]

14.6.1. Upgrading Replication to 4.0 or 4.1

14.7. Replication Features and Known Problems

14.8. Replication and Binary Logging Options and Variables     [+/-]

14.8.1. Replication and Binary Logging Option and Variable Reference

14.8.2. Replication Master Options and Variables

14.8.3. Replication Slave Options and Variables

14.8.4. Binary Log Options and Variables

14.9. How Servers Evaluate Replication Rules

14.10. Replication FAQ

14.11. Troubleshooting Replication

14.12. How to Report Replication Bugs or Problems

15. MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.1. MySQL Cluster Overview     [+/-]

15.1.1. MySQL Cluster Core Concepts

15.1.2. MySQL Cluster Nodes, Node Groups, Replicas, and Partitions

15.2. Simple Multi-Computer How-To     [+/-]

15.2.1. Hardware, Software, and Networking

15.2.2. Multi-Computer Installation

15.2.3. Multi-Computer Configuration

15.2.4. Initial Startup

15.2.5. Loading Sample Data and Performing Queries

15.2.6. Safe Shutdown and Restart

15.3. MySQL Cluster Configuration     [+/-]

15.3.1. Building MySQL Cluster from Source Code

15.3.2. Installing the Cluster Software

15.3.3. Quick Test Setup of MySQL Cluster

15.3.4. Configuration File

15.3.5. Overview of Cluster Configuration Parameters

15.3.6. Configuring Parameters for Local Checkpoints

15.4. MySQL Cluster Options and Variables     [+/-]

15.4.1. MySQL Cluster Server Option and Variable Reference

15.4.2. MySQL Cluster-Related Command Options for mysqld

15.4.3. MySQL Cluster System Variables

15.4.4. MySQL Cluster Status Variables

15.5. Upgrading and Downgrading MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.5.1. Performing a Rolling Restart of the Cluster

15.5.2. MySQL Cluster 4.1 Upgrade and Downgrade Compatibility

15.6. Process Management in MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.6.1. MySQL Server Process Usage for MySQL Cluster

15.6.2. ndbd — The Storage Engine Node Process

15.6.3. ndb_mgmd — The Management Server Process

15.6.4. ndb_mgm — The Management Client Process

15.6.5. Command Options for MySQL Cluster Processes

15.7. Management of MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.7.1. Summary of MySQL Cluster Start Phases

15.7.2. Commands in the MySQL Cluster Management Client

15.7.3. Event Reports Generated in MySQL Cluster

15.7.4. NDB Log Messages

15.7.5. Single User Mode

15.7.6. Quick Reference: MySQL Cluster SQL Statements

15.8. MySQL Cluster Security Issues     [+/-]

15.8.1. MySQL Cluster Security and Networking Issues

15.8.2. MySQL Cluster and MySQL Privileges

15.8.3. MySQL Cluster and MySQL Security Procedures

15.9. On-line Backup of MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.9.1. Cluster Backup Concepts

15.9.2. Using The Management Client to Create a Backup

15.9.3. ndb_restore — Restore a Cluster Backup

15.9.4. Configuration for Cluster Backup

15.9.5. Backup Troubleshooting

15.10. MySQL Cluster Utility Programs     [+/-]

15.10.1. ndb_config — Extract NDB Configuration Information

15.10.2. ndb_cpcd — Automate Testing for NDB Development

15.10.3. ndb_delete_all — Delete All Rows from NDB Table

15.10.4. ndb_desc — Describe NDB Tables

15.10.5. ndb_drop_index — Drop Index from NDB Table

15.10.6. ndb_drop_table — Drop NDB Table

15.10.7. ndb_error_reporter — NDB Error-Reporting Utility

15.10.8. ndb_print_backup_file — Print NDB Backup File Contents

15.10.9. ndb_print_schema_file — Print NDB Schema File Contents

15.10.10. ndb_print_sys_file — Print NDB System File Contents

15.10.11. ndb_select_all — Print Rows from NDB Table

15.10.12. ndb_select_count — Print Row Counts for NDB Tables

15.10.13. ndb_show_tables — Display List of NDB Tables

15.10.14. ndb_size.pl — NDBCLUSTER Size Requirement Estimator

15.10.15. ndb_waiter — Wait for Cluster to Reach a Given Status

15.11. Using High-Speed Interconnects with MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.11.1. Configuring MySQL Cluster to use SCI Sockets

15.11.2. MySQL Cluster Interconnects and Performance

15.12. Known Limitations of MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

15.12.1. Non-Compliance In SQL Syntax

15.12.2. Limits and Differences from Standard MySQL Limits

15.12.3. Limits Relating to Transaction Handling

15.12.4. Error Handling

15.12.5. Limits Associated with Database Objects

15.12.6. Unsupported Or Missing Features

15.12.7. Limitations Relating to Performance

15.12.8. Issues Exclusive to MySQL Cluster

15.12.9. Limitations Relating to Multiple Cluster Nodes

15.13. MySQL 4.1 FAQ — MySQL Cluster

15.14. MySQL Cluster Glossary

16. Spatial Extensions     [+/-]

16.1. Introduction to MySQL Spatial Support

16.2. The OpenGIS Geometry Model     [+/-]

16.2.1. The Geometry Class Hierarchy

16.2.2. Class Geometry

16.2.3. Class Point

16.2.4. Class Curve

16.2.5. Class LineString

16.2.6. Class Surface

16.2.7. Class Polygon

16.2.8. Class GeometryCollection

16.2.9. Class MultiPoint

16.2.10. Class MultiCurve

16.2.11. Class MultiLineString

16.2.12. Class MultiSurface

16.2.13. Class MultiPolygon

16.3. Supported Spatial Data Formats     [+/-]

16.3.1. Well-Known Text (WKT) Format

16.3.2. Well-Known Binary (WKB) Format

16.4. Creating a Spatially Enabled MySQL Database     [+/-]

16.4.1. MySQL Spatial Data Types

16.4.2. Creating Spatial Values

16.4.3. Creating Spatial Columns

16.4.4. Populating Spatial Columns

16.4.5. Fetching Spatial Data

16.5. Analyzing Spatial Information     [+/-]

16.5.1. Geometry Format Conversion Functions

16.5.2. Geometry Functions

16.5.3. Functions That Create New Geometries from Existing Ones

16.5.4. Functions for Testing Spatial Relations Between Geometric Objects

16.5.5. Relations on Geometry Minimal Bounding Rectangles (MBRs)

16.5.6. Functions That Test Spatial Relationships Between Geometries

16.6. Optimizing Spatial Analysis     [+/-]

16.6.1. Creating Spatial Indexes

16.6.2. Using a Spatial Index

16.7. MySQL Conformance and Compatibility

17. Connectors and APIs     [+/-]

17.1. MySQL Connector/ODBC     [+/-]

17.1.1. Connector/ODBC Versions

17.1.2. Connector/ODBC Introduction

17.1.3. Connector/ODBC Installation

17.1.4. Connector/ODBC Configuration

17.1.5. Connector/ODBC Examples

17.1.6. Connector/ODBC Reference

17.1.7. Connector/ODBC Notes and Tips

17.1.8. Connector/ODBC Support

17.2. MySQL Connector/NET     [+/-]

17.2.1. Connector/NET Versions

17.2.2. Connector/NET Installation

17.2.3. Connector/NET Examples and Usage Guide

17.2.4. Connector/NET Reference

17.2.5. Connector/NET Notes and Tips

17.2.6. Connector/NET Support

17.3. MySQL Visual Studio Plugin     [+/-]

17.3.1. Installing the MySQL Visual Studio Plugin

17.3.2. Creating a connection to the MySQL server

17.3.3. Using the MySQL Visual Studio Plugin

17.3.4. Visual Studio Plugin Support

17.4. MySQL Connector/J     [+/-]

17.4.1. Connector/J Versions

17.4.2. Connector/J Installation

17.4.3. Connector/J Examples

17.4.4. Connector/J (JDBC) Reference

17.4.5. Connector/J Notes and Tips

17.4.6. Connector/J Support

17.5. MySQL Connector/MXJ     [+/-]

17.5.1. Connector/MXJ Overview

17.5.2. Connector/MXJ Versions

17.5.3. Connector/MXJ Installation

17.5.4. Connector/MXJ Configuration

17.5.5. Connector/MXJ Reference

17.5.6. Connector/MXJ Notes and Tips

17.5.7. Connector/MXJ Support

17.6. libmysqld, the Embedded MySQL Server Library     [+/-]

17.6.1. Compiling Programs with libmysqld

17.6.2. Restrictions When Using the Embedded MySQL Server

17.6.3. Options with the Embedded Server

17.6.4. Embedded Server Examples

17.6.5. Licensing the Embedded Server

17.7. MySQL C API     [+/-]

17.7.1. C API Data Types

17.7.2. C API Function Overview

17.7.3. C API Function Descriptions

17.7.4. C API Prepared Statements

17.7.5. C API Prepared Statement Data types

17.7.6. C API Prepared Statement Function Overview

17.7.7. C API Prepared Statement Function Descriptions

17.7.8. C API Prepared Statement Problems

17.7.9. C API Handling of Multiple Statement Execution

17.7.10. C API Handling of Date and Time Values

17.7.11. C API Threaded Function Descriptions

17.7.12. C API Embedded Server Function Descriptions

17.7.13. Controlling Automatic Reconnection Behavior

17.7.14. Common Questions and Problems When Using the C API

17.7.15. Building Client Programs

17.7.16. How to Make a Threaded Client

17.8. MySQL PHP API     [+/-]

17.8.1. MySQL

17.8.2. MySQL Improved Extension (Mysqli)

17.8.3. MySQL Functions (PDO_MYSQL)

17.8.4. Connector/PHP

17.8.5. Common Problems with MySQL and PHP

17.8.6. Enabling Both mysql and mysqli in PHP

17.9. MySQL Perl API

17.10. MySQL C++ API

17.11. MySQL Python API

17.12. MySQL Ruby APIs     [+/-]

17.12.1. The MySQL/Ruby API

17.12.2. The Ruby/MySQL API

17.13. MySQL Tcl API

17.14. MySQL Eiffel Wrapper

18. Extending MySQL     [+/-]

18.1. MySQL Internals     [+/-]

18.1.1. MySQL Threads

18.1.2. MySQL Test Suite

18.2. Adding New Functions to MySQL     [+/-]

18.2.1. Features of the User-Defined Function Interface

18.2.2. Adding a New User-Defined Function

18.2.3. Adding a New Native Function

18.3. Adding New Procedures to MySQL     [+/-]

18.3.1. PROCEDURE ANALYSE

18.3.2. Writing a Procedure

A. Errors, Error Codes, and Common Problems     [+/-]

A.1. Problems and Common Errors     [+/-]

A.1.1. How to Determine What Is Causing a Problem

A.1.2. Common Errors When Using MySQL Programs

A.1.3. Installation-Related Issues

A.1.4. Administration-Related Issues

A.1.5. Query-Related Issues

A.1.6. Optimizer-Related Issues

A.1.7. Table Definition-Related Issues

A.1.8. Known Issues in MySQL

A.2. Types of Error Values

A.3. Server Error Codes and Messages

A.4. Client Error Codes and Messages

B. MySQL Change History     [+/-]

B.1. Changes in release 4.1.x (Production)     [+/-]

B.1.1. Changes in MySQL 4.1.25 (01 December 2008)

B.1.2. Changes in MySQL 4.1.24 (01 March 2008)

B.1.3. Changes in MySQL 4.1.23 (12 June 2007)

B.1.4. Changes in MySQL 4.1.22 (02 November 2006)

B.1.5. Changes in MySQL 4.1.21 (19 July 2006)

B.1.6. Changes in MySQL 4.1.20 (24 May 2006)

B.1.7. Changes in MySQL 4.1.19 (29 April 2006)

B.1.8. Changes in MySQL 4.1.18 (27 January 2006)

B.1.9. Changes in MySQL 4.1.17 (Not released)

B.1.10. Changes in MySQL 4.1.16 (29 November 2005)

B.1.11. Changes in MySQL 4.1.15 (13 October 2005)

B.1.12. Changes in MySQL 4.1.14 (17 August 2005)

B.1.13. Changes in MySQL 4.1.13 (15 July 2005)

B.1.14. Changes in MySQL 4.1.12 (13 May 2005)

B.1.15. Changes in MySQL 4.1.11 (01 April 2005)

B.1.16. Changes in MySQL 4.1.10 (12 February 2005)

B.1.17. Changes in MySQL 4.1.9 (11 January 2005)

B.1.18. Changes in MySQL 4.1.8 (14 December 2004)

B.1.19. Changes in MySQL 4.1.7 (23 October 2004: Production)

B.1.20. Changes in MySQL 4.1.6 (10 October 2004)

B.1.21. Changes in MySQL 4.1.5 (16 September 2004)

B.1.22. Changes in MySQL 4.1.4 (26 August 2004: Gamma)

B.1.23. Changes in MySQL 4.1.3 (28 June 2004: Beta)

B.1.24. Changes in MySQL 4.1.2 (28 May 2004)

B.1.25. Changes in MySQL 4.1.1 (01 December 2003)

B.1.26. Changes in MySQL 4.1.0 (03 April 2003: Alpha)

B.2. Changes in release 4.0.x     [+/-]

B.2.1. Changes in release 4.0.31 (Not yet released)

B.2.2. Changes in release 4.0.30 (12 February 2007)

B.2.3. Changes in release 4.0.29 (Not released)

B.2.4. Changes in release 4.0.28 (Not released)

B.2.5. Changes in release 4.0.27 (06 May 2006)

B.2.6. Changes in release 4.0.26 (08 September 2005)

B.2.7. Changes in release 4.0.25 (05 July 2005)

B.2.8. Changes in release 4.0.24 (04 March 2005)

B.2.9. Changes in release 4.0.23 (18 December 2004)

B.2.10. Changes in release 4.0.22 (27 October 2004)

B.2.11. Changes in release 4.0.21 (06 September 2004)

B.2.12. Changes in release 4.0.20 (17 May 2004)

B.2.13. Changes in release 4.0.19 (04 May 2004)

B.2.14. Changes in release 4.0.18 (12 February 2004)

B.2.15. Changes in release 4.0.17 (14 December 2003)

B.2.16. Changes in release 4.0.16 (17 October 2003)

B.2.17. Changes in release 4.0.15 (03 September 2003)

B.2.18. Changes in release 4.0.14 (18 July 2003)

B.2.19. Changes in release 4.0.13 (16 May 2003)

B.2.20. Changes in release 4.0.12 (15 March 2003: Production)

B.2.21. Changes in release 4.0.11 (20 February 2003)

B.2.22. Changes in release 4.0.10 (29 January 2003)

B.2.23. Changes in release 4.0.9 (09 January 2003)

B.2.24. Changes in release 4.0.8 (07 January 2003)

B.2.25. Changes in release 4.0.7 (20 December 2002)

B.2.26. Changes in release 4.0.6 (14 December 2002: Gamma)

B.2.27. Changes in release 4.0.5 (13 November 2002)

B.2.28. Changes in release 4.0.4 (29 September 2002)

B.2.29. Changes in release 4.0.3 (26 August 2002: Beta)

B.2.30. Changes in release 4.0.2 (01 July 2002)

B.2.31. Changes in release 4.0.1 (23 December 2001)

B.2.32. Changes in release 4.0.0 (October 2001: Alpha)

B.3. Changes in release 3.23.x     [+/-]

B.3.1. Changes in release 3.23.59 (Not yet released)

B.3.2. Changes in release 3.23.58 (11 September 2003)

B.3.3. Changes in release 3.23.57 (06 June 2003)

B.3.4. Changes in release 3.23.56 (13 March 2003)

B.3.5. Changes in release 3.23.55 (23 January 2003)

B.3.6. Changes in release 3.23.54 (05 December 2002)

B.3.7. Changes in release 3.23.53 (09 October 2002)

B.3.8. Changes in release 3.23.52 (14 August 2002)

B.3.9. Changes in release 3.23.51 (31 May 2002)

B.3.10. Changes in release 3.23.50 (21 April 2002)

B.3.11. Changes in release 3.23.49 (14 February 2002)

B.3.12. Changes in release 3.23.48 (07 February 2002)

B.3.13. Changes in release 3.23.47 (27 December 2001)

B.3.14. Changes in release 3.23.46 (29 November 2001)

B.3.15. Changes in release 3.23.45 (22 November 2001)

B.3.16. Changes in release 3.23.44 (31 October 2001)

B.3.17. Changes in release 3.23.43 (04 October 2001)

B.3.18. Changes in release 3.23.42 (08 September 2001)

B.3.19. Changes in release 3.23.41 (11 August 2001)

B.3.20. Changes in release 3.23.40 (18 July 2001)

B.3.21. Changes in release 3.23.39 (12 June 2001)

B.3.22. Changes in release 3.23.38 (09 May 2001)

B.3.23. Changes in release 3.23.37 (17 April 2001)

B.3.24. Changes in release 3.23.36 (27 March 2001)

B.3.25. Changes in release 3.23.35 (15 March 2001)

B.3.26. Changes in release 3.23.34a (11 March 2001)

B.3.27. Changes in release 3.23.34 (10 March 2001)

B.3.28. Changes in release 3.23.33 (09 February 2001)

B.3.29. Changes in release 3.23.32 (22 January 2001)

B.3.30. Changes in release 3.23.31 (17 January 2001: Production)

B.3.31. Changes in release 3.23.30 (04 January 2001)

B.3.32. Changes in release 3.23.29 (16 December 2000)

B.3.33. Changes in release 3.23.28 (22 November 2000: Gamma)

B.3.34. Changes in release 3.23.27 (24 October 2000)

B.3.35. Changes in release 3.23.26 (18 October 2000)

B.3.36. Changes in release 3.23.25 (29 September 2000)

B.3.37. Changes in release 3.23.24 (08 September 2000)

B.3.38. Changes in release 3.23.23 (01 September 2000)

B.3.39. Changes in release 3.23.22 (31 July 2000)

B.3.40. Changes in release 3.23.21 (04 July 2000)

B.3.41. Changes in release 3.23.20 (28 June 2000: Beta)

B.3.42. Changes in release 3.23.19

B.3.43. Changes in release 3.23.18 (11 June 2000)

B.3.44. Changes in release 3.23.17 (07 June 2000)

B.3.45. Changes in release 3.23.16 (16 May 2000)

B.3.46. Changes in release 3.23.15 (08 May 2000)

B.3.47. Changes in release 3.23.14 (09 April 2000)

B.3.48. Changes in release 3.23.13 (14 March 2000)

B.3.49. Changes in release 3.23.12 (07 March 2000)

B.3.50. Changes in release 3.23.11 (16 February 2000)

B.3.51. Changes in release 3.23.10 (30 January 2000)

B.3.52. Changes in release 3.23.9 (29 January 2000)

B.3.53. Changes in release 3.23.8 (02 January 2000)

B.3.54. Changes in release 3.23.7 (10 December 1999)

B.3.55. Changes in release 3.23.6 (15 December 1999)

B.3.56. Changes in release 3.23.5 (20 October 1999)

B.3.57. Changes in release 3.23.4 (28 September 1999)

B.3.58. Changes in release 3.23.3 (13 September 1999)

B.3.59. Changes in release 3.23.2 (09 August 1999)

B.3.60. Changes in release 3.23.1 (08 July 1999)

B.3.61. Changes in release 3.23.0 (05 July 1999: Alpha)

B.4. Changes in InnoDB     [+/-]

B.4.1. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.21, September 10, 2004

B.4.2. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.1.4, August 31, 2004

B.4.3. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.1.3, June 28, 2004

B.4.4. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.1.2, May 30, 2004

B.4.5. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.20, May 18, 2004

B.4.6. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.19, May 4, 2004

B.4.7. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.18, February 13, 2004

B.4.8. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-5.0.0, December 24, 2003

B.4.9. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.17, December 17, 2003

B.4.10. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.1.1, December 4, 2003

B.4.11. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.16, October 22, 2003

B.4.12. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.58, September 15, 2003

B.4.13. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.15, September 10, 2003

B.4.14. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.14, July 22, 2003

B.4.15. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.57, June 20, 2003

B.4.16. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.13, May 20, 2003

B.4.17. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.1.0, April 3, 2003

B.4.18. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.56, March 17, 2003

B.4.19. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.12, March 18, 2003

B.4.20. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.11, February 25, 2003

B.4.21. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.10, February 4, 2003

B.4.22. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.55, January 24, 2003

B.4.23. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.9, January 14, 2003

B.4.24. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.8, January 7, 2003

B.4.25. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.7, December 26, 2002

B.4.26. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.6, December 19, 2002

B.4.27. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.54, December 12, 2002

B.4.28. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.5, November 18, 2002

B.4.29. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.53, October 9, 2002

B.4.30. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.4, October 2, 2002

B.4.31. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.3, August 28, 2002

B.4.32. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.52, August 16, 2002

B.4.33. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.2, July 10, 2002

B.4.34. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.51, June 12, 2002

B.4.35. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.50, April 23, 2002

B.4.36. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.49, February 17, 2002

B.4.37. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.48, February 9, 2002

B.4.38. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.47, December 28, 2001

B.4.39. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-4.0.1, December 23, 2001

B.4.40. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.46, November 30, 2001

B.4.41. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.45, November 23, 2001

B.4.42. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.44, November 2, 2001

B.4.43. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.43, October 4, 2001

B.4.44. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.42, September 9, 2001

B.4.45. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.41, August 13, 2001

B.4.46. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.40, July 16, 2001

B.4.47. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.39, June 13, 2001

B.4.48. Changes in MySQL/InnoDB-3.23.38, May 12, 2001

B.5. Changes in MySQL Cluster     [+/-]

B.5.1. Changes in MySQL Cluster-5.0.7 (10 June 2005)

B.5.2. Changes in MySQL Cluster-5.0.6 (26 May 2005)

B.5.3. Changes in MySQL Cluster-5.0.5 (Not released)

B.5.4. Changes in MySQL Cluster-5.0.4 (16 April 2005)

B.5.5. Changes in MySQL Cluster-5.0.3 (23 March 2005: Beta)

B.5.6. Changes in MySQL Cluster-5.0.1 (27 July 2004)

B.5.7. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.13 (15 July 2005)

B.5.8. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.12 (13 May 2005)

B.5.9. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.11 (01 April 2005)

B.5.10. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.10 (12 February 2005)

B.5.11. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.9 (13 January 2005)

B.5.12. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.8 (14 December 2004)

B.5.13. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.7 (23 October 2004)

B.5.14. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.6 (10 October 2004)

B.5.15. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.5 (16 September 2004)

B.5.16. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.4 (31 August 2004)

B.5.17. Changes in MySQL Cluster-4.1.3 (28 June 2004)

B.6. MySQL Connector/ODBC (MyODBC) Change History     [+/-]

B.6.1. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.6 (Not yet released)

B.6.2. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.5 (18 August 2008)

B.6.3. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.4 (15 April 2008)

B.6.4. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.3 (26 March 2008)

B.6.5. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.2 (13 February 2008)

B.6.6. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.1 (13 December 2007)

B.6.7. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.1.0 (10 September 2007)

B.6.8. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.12 (Never released)

B.6.9. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.11 (31 January 2007)

B.6.10. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.10 (14 December 2006)

B.6.11. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.9 (22 November 2006)

B.6.12. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.8 (17 November 2006)

B.6.13. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.7 (08 November 2006)

B.6.14. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.6 (03 November 2006)

B.6.15. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 5.0.5 (17 October 2006)

B.6.16. Changes in Connector/ODBC 5.0.3 (Connector/ODBC 5.0 Alpha 3) (20 June 2006)

B.6.17. Changes in Connector/ODBC 5.0.2 (Never released)

B.6.18. Changes in Connector/ODBC 5.0.1 (Connector/ODBC 5.0 Alpha 2) (05 June 2006)

B.6.19. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.27 (20 November 2008)

B.6.20. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.26 (07 July 2008)

B.6.21. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.25 (11 April 2008)

B.6.22. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.24 (14 March 2008)

B.6.23. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.23 (09 January 2008)

B.6.24. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.22 (13 November 2007)

B.6.25. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.21 (08 October 2007)

B.6.26. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.20 (10 September 2007)

B.6.27. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.19 (10 August 2007)

B.6.28. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.18 (08 August 2007)

B.6.29. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.17 (14 July 2007)

B.6.30. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.16 (14 June 2007)

B.6.31. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.15 (07 May 2007)

B.6.32. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.14 (08 March 2007)

B.6.33. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.13 (Never released)

B.6.34. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.12 (11 February 2005)

B.6.35. Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC 3.51.11 (28 January 2005)

B.7. MySQL Connector/NET Change History     [+/-]

B.7.1. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.3.0 (Not yet released)

B.7.2. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.6 (Not yet released)

B.7.3. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.5 (19 November 2008)

B.7.4. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.4 (13 November 2008)

B.7.5. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.3 (19 August 2008)

B.7.6. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.2 (12 May 2008)

B.7.7. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.1 (27 February 2008)

B.7.8. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.2.0 (11 February 2008)

B.7.9. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.8 (Not yet released)

B.7.10. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.7 (21 August 2008)

B.7.11. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.6 (12 May 2008)

B.7.12. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.5 (Not yet released)

B.7.13. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.4 (20 November 2007)

B.7.14. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.3 (21 September 2007: beta)

B.7.15. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.2 (18 June 2007)

B.7.16. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.1 (23 May 2007)

B.7.17. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.1.0 (01 May 2007)

B.7.18. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.10 (Not yet released)

B.7.19. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.9 (Not yet released)

B.7.20. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.8 (21 August 2007)

B.7.21. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.7 (18 May 2007)

B.7.22. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.6 (22 March 2007)

B.7.23. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.5 (07 March 2007)

B.7.24. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.4 (Not released)

B.7.25. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.3 (05 January 2007)

B.7.26. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.2 (06 November 2006)

B.7.27. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.1 (01 October 2006)

B.7.28. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 5.0.0 (08 August 2006)

B.7.29. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.11 (Not yet released)

B.7.30. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.10 (24 August 2007)

B.7.31. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.9 (02 February 2007)

B.7.32. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.8 (20 October 2006)

B.7.33. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.7 (21 November 2005)

B.7.34. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.6 (03 October 2005)

B.7.35. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.5 (29 August 2005)

B.7.36. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.4 (20 January 2005)

B.7.37. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.3 (12 October 2004: gamma)

B.7.38. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.2 (15 November 2004: gamma)

B.7.39. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.1 (27 October 2004: beta)

B.7.40. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET 1.0.0 (01 September 2004)

B.7.41. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.9.0 (30 August 2004)

B.7.42. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.76

B.7.43. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.75

B.7.44. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.74

B.7.45. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.71

B.7.46. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.70

B.7.47. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.68

B.7.48. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.65

B.7.49. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.60

B.7.50. Changes in MySQL Connector/NET Version 0.50

B.8. MySQL Connector/J Change History     [+/-]

B.8.1. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 5.1.x

B.8.2. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 5.0.x

B.8.3. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 3.1.x

B.8.4. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 3.0.x

B.8.5. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 2.0.x

B.8.6. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 1.2b (04 July 1999)

B.8.7. Changes in MySQL Connector/J 1.2.x and lower

B.9. MySQL Connector/MXJ Change History     [+/-]

B.9.1. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.6 (04 May 2007)

B.9.2. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.5 (14 March 2007)

B.9.3. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.4 (28 January 2007)

B.9.4. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.3 (24 June 2006)

B.9.5. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.2 (15 June 2006)

B.9.6. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.1 (Never released)

B.9.7. Changes in MySQL Connector/MXJ 5.0.0 (09 December 2005)

B.10. MySQL Proxy Change History     [+/-]

B.10.1. Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.6.0 (Not yet released)

B.10.2. Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.5.1 (30 June 2007)

B.10.3. Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.5.0 (19 June 2007)

C. Restrictions and Limits     [+/-]

C.1. Restrictions on Subqueries

C.2. Restrictions on Character Sets

C.3. Limits in MySQL     [+/-]

C.3.1. Limits of Joins

C.3.2. The Maximum Number of Columns Per Table

C.3.3. Windows Platform Limitations

Index